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A Numerical Gamma-Ray Burst Simulation Using Three-Dimensional Relativistic Hydrodynamics: The Transition from Spherical to Jet-like Expansion

机译:使用三维相对论流体力学的数值伽马射线爆裂模拟:从球形到射流状膨胀的过渡

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摘要

Utilizing 3D relativistic hydrodynamical calculations, we have examined the evolution of an expanding relativistic blob of gas intended to be representative of a jet associated with ejecta from an extremely energetic event such as a hypernova, that produces a gamma-ray burst (Aloy et al. 2000; Tan, Matzner, & McKee 2001; MacFadyen, Woosley, & Heger 2001, Zhang, Woosley, & Heger 2003, Zhang, Woosley, & MacFadyen 2003). Since these are the first such calculations applied to the blob during the time in which the afterglow radiation is produced, we have purposely kept them simple in an effort to concentrate on the most fundamental aspects of the physics. We restrict our attention to the transition from spherical to jetlike expansion that occurs during the time that the Lorentz factor becomes less than the reciprocal of the jet spreading angle. We have not yet attached specific numbers to our results. From the SRHD equations, one sees that the relevant quantities are the ratios of pressure to density, and of distance to time. If we specify either one of these two sets of numbers, the other one is also determined.
机译:利用3D相对论流体力学计算,我们已经检查了膨胀的相对论气团的演化,该气团旨在代表来自超高能事件(如超新星)的与喷射相关的射流,产生伽马射线爆发(Aloy等。 2000; Tan,Matzner和McKee 2001; MacFadyen,Woosley和Heger 2001; Zhang,Woosley和Heger 2003; Zhang,Woosley和MacFadyen 2003)。由于这些是在产生余辉辐射期间首次应用于斑点的此类计算,因此我们有意使它们保持简单,以致力于物理学的最基本方面。我们将注意力集中在从洛伦兹因子变得小于射流扩展角倒数的时间内发生的从球形到射流状膨胀的过渡。我们尚未将具体数字附加到我们的结果中。从SRHD方程中,可以看到相关的量是压力与密度之比以及距离与时间之比。如果我们指定这两组数字中的任何一组,则还将确定另一组。

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